The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn

The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn
The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn

The First Galaxies: What We Know And What We Still Need To Learn

“As we look farther back in time, we find that younger galaxies formed stars at faster rates than galaxies do today. We can measure the star-formation rate, and find that at earlier and earlier times, it was more intense. But then we find it hits a peak when the Universe is about two billion years old. Go younger than that, and the rate goes down again.”

We’ve come incredibly far in our quest to learn how the Universe came to be the way it is today. We can see out in space for tens of billions of light years, to galaxies as they were when the Universe was only a few percent of its present age. We can see how galaxies evolve, merge and the stars inside change. And we can see to even before that, when no stars or galaxies existed at all. But how did we get from there to here? There are still plenty of gaps in the story. We’ve never seen the first stars or galaxies; we’ve never witnessed the start of cosmic reionization; we’ve never seen the star formation rate jump from zero to a real, finite number. Yet with James Webb and WFIRST on the horizon, these gaps in our knowledge may – if we’re lucky – all disappear.

Come get the story on what we know about the first galaxies, and what we hope and have left to still learn!

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6 years ago
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6 years ago
Geometry 

Geometry 

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5 years ago

Nikola Tesla - The True Discoverer of the Rotating Magnetic Field

Nikola Tesla - The True Discoverer Of The Rotating Magnetic Field
Nikola Tesla - The True Discoverer Of The Rotating Magnetic Field

"Many erroneous statements have appeared in print relative to my discovery of the rotating magnetic field and invention of the induction motor which I was compelled to pass in silence. Great interests have waged a long and bitter contest for my patent rights; commercial animosities and professional jealousies were aroused, and I was made to suffer in more than one way. But despite of all pressure and efforts of ingenious lawyers and experts, the rulings of the courts were in support of my claims for priority in every instance without exception. The battles have been fought and forgotten, the thirty or forty patents granted to me on the alternating system have expired, I have been released of burdensome obligations and am free to speak...

"...A few words should be said in regard to the various claims for anticipation which were made upon the issuance of my patents in 1888, and in numerous suits conducted subsequently. There were three contestants for the honor, Ferraris, Schallenberger and Cabanellas. All three succumbed to grief. The opponents of my patents advanced the Ferraris claim very strongly, but any one who will peruse his little Italian pamphlet, which appeared in the spring of 1888, and compare it with the patent record filed by me seven months before, and with my paper before the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, will have no difficulty in reaching a conclusion. Irrespective of being behind me in time, Prof. Ferraris's publication concerned only my split-phase motor, and in an application for a patent by him priority was awarded to me. He never suggested any of the essential practical features which constitute my system, and in regard to the split-phase motor he was very decided in his opinion that it was of no value. Both Ferraris and Schallenberger discovered the rotation accidentally while working with a Gullard and Gibbs transformer, and had difficulty in explaining the actions. Neither of them produced a rotating field motor like mine, nor were their theories the same as my own. As to Cabanellas, the only reason for his claim is an abandoned and defective technical document. Some over-zealous friends have interpreted a United States patent granted to Bradley as a contemporary record, but there is no foundation whatever for such a claim. The original application only described a generator with two circuits which were provided for the sole purpose of increasing the output. There was not much novelty in the idea, since a number of such machines existed at that time. To say that these machines were anticipations of my rotary transformer is wholly unjustified. They might have served as one of the elements in my system of transformation, but were nothing more than dynamos with two circuits constructed with other ends in view and in utter ignorance of the new and wonderful phenomena revealed through my discovery."

–Nikola Tesla

“Some Personal Recollections.” Scientific American, June 5, 1915.


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6 years ago
“In Celebration Of The Twenty-first Anniversary Of The Hubble Space Telescope’s Deployment In April

“In celebration of the twenty-first anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope’s deployment in April 2011, astronomers at the Space Telescope Science Institute pointed Hubble’s eye to an especially photogenic group of interacting galaxies called Arp 273.

The larger of the spiral galaxies, known as UGC 1810, has a disk that is tidally distorted into a rose-like shape by the gravitational tidal pull of the companion galaxy below it, known as UGC 1813. A swath of blue jewels across the top is the combined light from clusters of intensely bright and hot young blue stars. These massive stars glow fiercely in ultraviolet light.

The smaller, nearly edge-on companion shows distinct signs of intense star formation at its nucleus, perhaps triggered by the encounter with the companion galaxy.”

Credit- nasa.gov


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6 years ago
What A Trillion Stars Look Like; A Sharp View Of The Andromeda Galaxy. From Twitter @ WorldAndScience

What a trillion stars look like; a sharp view of the Andromeda galaxy. From twitter @ WorldAndScience


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6 years ago
What Do Planets Look Like In The Daylight?

What do planets look like in the daylight?

via reddit


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6 years ago
This Is The Binary Code To The “Hello, World!” Program, A Simple Computer Program Used In Beginner

This is the binary code to the “Hello, World!” program, a simple computer program used in beginner classes to introduce basic programming syntax. The program’s sole function is to print “Hello, World!” on screen: an uplifting, symbolic gesture in which the computer (an emerging technology when the program was first created) greets the world full of hope, and of wonder.


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astronomy mixed with nostalgia and future

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