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Relationships: How to Know if it's Real Love — She Who Spoke

Relationships are particularly tricky, especially when trying to figure out whether it's real love not—does your relationship have these qualities...?

TO ME IT WAS LIKE COMING UP FOR FRESH WATER--I WAS DROWNING AND THEN I COULD BREATH!!! 

{HOLLYWOOD}

Did you know?

Largest Batch of Earth-size, Habitable Zone Planets

Our Spitzer Space Telescope has revealed the first known system of seven Earth-size planets around a single star. Three of these planets are firmly located in an area called the habitable zone, where liquid water is most likely to exist on a rocky planet.

This exoplanet system is called TRAPPIST-1, named for The Transiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope (TRAPPIST) in Chile. In May 2016, researchers using TRAPPIST announced they had discovered three planets in the system.

Assisted by several ground-based telescopes, Spitzer confirmed the existence of two of these planets and discovered five additional ones, increasing the number of known planets in the system to seven.

This is the FIRST time three terrestrial planets have been found in the habitable zone of a star, and this is the FIRST time we have been able to measure both the masses and the radius for habitable zone Earth-sized planets.

All of these seven planets could have liquid water, key to life as we know it, under the right atmospheric conditions, but the chances are highest with the three in the habitable zone.

At about 40 light-years (235 trillion miles) from Earth, the system of planets is relatively close to us, in the constellation Aquarius. Because they are located outside of our solar system, these planets are scientifically known as exoplanets. To clarify, exoplanets are planets outside our solar system that orbit a sun-like star.

In this animation, you can see the planets orbiting the star, with the green area representing the famous habitable zone, defined as the range of distance to the star for which an Earth-like planet is the most likely to harbor abundant liquid water on its surface. Planets e, f and g fall in the habitable zone of the star.

Using Spitzer data, the team precisely measured the sizes of the seven planets and developed first estimates of the masses of six of them. The mass of the seventh and farthest exoplanet has not yet been estimated.

For comparison…if our sun was the size of a basketball, the TRAPPIST-1 star would be the size of a golf ball.

Based on their densities, all of the TRAPPIST-1 planets are likely to be rocky. Further observations will not only help determine whether they are rich in water, but also possibly reveal whether any could have liquid water on their surfaces.

The sun at the center of this system is classified as an ultra-cool dwarf and is so cool that liquid water could survive on planets orbiting very close to it, closer than is possible on planets in our solar system. All seven of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary orbits are closer to their host star than Mercury is to our sun.

 The planets also are very close to each other. How close? Well, if a person was standing on one of the planet’s surface, they could gaze up and potentially see geological features or clouds of neighboring worlds, which would sometimes appear larger than the moon in Earth’s sky.

The planets may also be tidally-locked to their star, which means the same side of the planet is always facing the star, therefore each side is either perpetual day or night. This could mean they have weather patterns totally unlike those on Earth, such as strong wind blowing from the day side to the night side, and extreme temperature changes.

Because most TRAPPIST-1 planets are likely to be rocky, and they are very close to one another, scientists view the Galilean moons of Jupiter – lo, Europa, Callisto, Ganymede – as good comparisons in our solar system. All of these moons are also tidally locked to Jupiter. The TRAPPIST-1 star is only slightly wider than Jupiter, yet much warmer. 

How Did the Spitzer Space Telescope Detect this System?

Spitzer, an infrared telescope that trails Earth as it orbits the sun, was well-suited for studying TRAPPIST-1 because the star glows brightest in infrared light, whose wavelengths are longer than the eye can see. Spitzer is uniquely positioned in its orbit to observe enough crossing (aka transits) of the planets in front of the host star to reveal the complex architecture of the system. 

Every time a planet passes by, or transits, a star, it blocks out some light. Spitzer measured the dips in light and based on how big the dip, you can determine the size of the planet. The timing of the transits tells you how long it takes for the planet to orbit the star.

The TRAPPIST-1 system provides one of the best opportunities in the next decade to study the atmospheres around Earth-size planets. Spitzer, Hubble and Kepler will help astronomers plan for follow-up studies using our upcoming James Webb Space Telescope, launching in 2018. With much greater sensitivity, Webb will be able to detect the chemical fingerprints of water, methane, oxygen, ozone and other components of a planet’s atmosphere.

At 40 light-years away, humans won’t be visiting this system in person anytime soon…that said…this poster can help us imagine what it would be like: 

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

7 Ways to Work Towards Long Term Goals | psych2go 

“How vain it is to sit down to write when you have not stood up to live.”

— Henry David Thoreau

Death Comes Knocking

I’ve been thinking about death. Death in a hospital is so strange. Death to a nurse is even stranger.

We recently discharge a patient who had spent 116 days on our unit. She was crazy and hated everyone. Refused cares, assessments, vitals, everything. Called every morning at 3am on the dot for coffee. She was famous for hoarding anything and everything we took into her room. From boxes of gloves to mouth wash bottles to spoiled food.

We couldn’t wait until she was gone.

A few nights ago we found out that she had been readmitted to a different unit in our hospital. A telemetry unit. We all laughed and couldn’t believe she was back. She had only been gone for two weeks.

Then, a couple nights ago, we heard the call overhead. Code blue. Her room. Myself and the nurse I was working with stared at each other, dumbstruck. We couldn’t believe that the old, stubborn bat that had spent 116 days with us was dying two floors down.

She passed that night. And we did what nurses do. We joked. From the outside I’m sure we all sounded macabre and sadistic, the way we talked about all her outbursts and how she would be hoarding in heaven now. We joked about death like it was a friend. I guess it kind of is.

See, to us nurses Death is a friend. We walk the halls with him, joke with him. We have an agreement. He doesn’t get in our way and we don’t get in his. We let those who have made the decision to do so go peacefully. We stand vigil with Death. He waits patiently as we make sure they aren’t in pain. Drip after drip we fill their bodies with the poison that allows them to meet Death peacefully.

Then there are the other ones. The ones where Death has gotten a little antsy. He hasn’t stuck to our agreement. And we do what we are trained to do. We fight. Violently. We fight for the life that this patient wasn’t ready to give up yet. We yell and we scream at our friend, Death. We break ribs with our compressions. We burn veins with our drugs. And if we are lucky that patient lives and we go on with our friendship, our agreement, with death.

But sometimes we aren’t. Sometimes no matter how many ribs we break or how many veins we burn, it’s not enough. Death gets his prize. And in that moment we hate him. And we hate ourselves a little too. Because we know that we are going to come back tomorrow night, shake hands with Death, and reforge our agreement. Because Death is part of the job.

Relationships: How to Know if it's Real Love — She Who Spoke

Relationships are particularly tricky, especially when trying to figure out whether it's real love not—does your relationship have these qualities...?

IT IS LIKE TAKE A BREATH AFTER YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE DROWNING!!!

The recent release of “Dawn of the Planet of the Apes“ reminded me of one of my favorite ape vs. man films – this 1932 video that shows a baby chimpanzee and a baby human undergoing the same basic psychological tests.

Its gets weirder – the human baby (Donald) and the chimpanzee baby (Gua) were both raised as humans by their biological/adopted father Winthrop Niles Kellogg.  Kellogg was a comparative psychologist fascinated by the interplay between nature and nurture, and he devised a fascinating (and questionably ethical) experiment to study it:

Suppose an anthropoid were taken into a typical human family at the day of birth and reared as a child. Suppose he were fed upon a bottle, clothed, washed, bathed, fondled, and given a characteristically human environment; that he were spoken to like the human infant from the moment of parturition; that he had an adopted human mother and an adopted human father.

First, Kellogg had to convince his pregnant wife he wasn’t crazy:

 …the enthusiasm of one of us met with so much resistance from the other that it appeared likely we could never come to an agreement upon whether or not we should even attempt such an undertaking.

She apparently gave in, because Donald and Gua were raised, for nine months, as brother and sister. Much like Caesar in the “Planet of the Apes” movies, Gua developed faster than her “brother,” and often outperformed him in tasks. But she soon hit a cognitive wall, and the experiment came to an end. (Probably for the best, as Donald had begun to speak chimpanzee.)

You can read more about Kellogg’s experiment, its legacy, and public reaction to it here.