Thank You For Your Endless Curiosity Dr. Hawking.

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I am pleased to announce the release of FTB Pathway Publications - Pathway to the Stars: Part 6.1, Trilogy!!! Enjoy the continuation of the journey!

A new Chandra image shows the location of several elements produced by the explosion of a massive star.

Cassiopeia A is a well-known supernova remnant located about 11,000 light years from Earth.

Supernova remnants and the elements they produce are very hot — millions of degrees — and glow strongly in X-ray light.

Chandra’s sharp X-ray vision allows scientists to determine both the amount and location of these crucial elements objects like Cas A produce.

Where do most of the elements essential for life on Earth come from? The answer: inside the furnaces of stars and the explosions that mark the end of some stars’ lives.Astronomers have long studied exploded stars and their remains — known as “supernova remnants” — to better understand exactly how stars produce and then disseminate many of the elements observed on Earth, and in the cosmos at large.Due to its unique evolutionary status, Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is one of the most intensely studied of these supernova remnants. A new image from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory shows the location of different elements in the remains of the explosion: silicon (red), sulfur (yellow), calcium (green) and iron (purple). Each of these elements produces X-rays within narrow energy ranges, allowing maps of their location to be created. The blast wave from the explosion is seen as the blue outer ring.

X-ray telescopes such as Chandra are important to study supernova remnants and the elements they produce because these events generate extremely high temperatures — millions of degrees — even thousands of years after the explosion. This means that many supernova remnants, including Cas A, glow most strongly at X-ray wavelengths that are undetectable with other types of telescopes.Chandra’s sharp X-ray vision allows astronomers to gather detailed information about the elements that objects like Cas A produce. For example, they are not only able to identify many of the elements that are present, but how much of each are being expelled into interstellar space.

Much more reading/info/video:  http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017/casa_life/

Proud to Announce...

Proud to Announce…

Here is a portion of an email I received today. After three years of research, breathing life into new characters, and helping the world enjoy their journey, I found I had to divide my novel into two parts. So, there will be a Part 1 and a Part 2. Without further ado:

“Congratulations! Your book “Further Than Before: Pathway to the Stars” is available for pre-order in the Kindle Store. It is…

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The Transit Method of Detecting Extrasolar Planets

When a planet crosses in front of its star as viewed by an observer, the event is called a transit. Transits by terrestrial planets produce a small change in a star’s brightness of about 1/10,000 (100 parts per million, ppm), lasting for 2 to 16 hours. This change must be absolutely periodic if it is caused by a planet. In addition, all transits produced by the same planet must be of the same change in brightness and last the same amount of time, thus providing a highly repeatable signal and robust detection method. 

Image credit: NASA | Source: NASA

Hubble’s Greatest Discoveries Weren’t Planned; They Were Surprises

“And if we head out beyond our own galaxy, that’s where Hubble truly shines, having taught us more about the Universe than we ever imagined was out there. One of the greatest, most ambitious projects ever undertaken came in the mid-1990s, when astronomers in charge of Hubble redefined staring into the unknown. It was possibly the bravest thing ever done with the Hubble Space Telescope: to find a patch of sky with absolutely nothing in it — no bright stars, no nebulae, and no known galaxies — and observe it. Not just for a few minutes, or an hour, or even for a day. But orbit-after-orbit, for a huge amount of time, staring off into the nothingness of empty space, recording image after image of pure darkness.

What came back was amazing. Beyond what we could see, there were thousands upon thousand of galaxies out there in the abyss of space, in a tiny region of sky.”

28 years ago today, the Hubble Space Telescope was deployed. Since that time, it’s changed our view of the Solar System, the stars, nebulae, galaxies, and the entire Universe. But here’s the kicker: almost all of what it discovered wasn’t what it was designed to look for. We were able to learn so much from Hubble because it broke through the next frontier, looking at the Universe in a way we’ve never looked at it before. Astronomers and astrophysicists found clever ways to exploit its capabilities, and the observatory itself was overbuilt to the point where, 28 years later, it’s still one of the most sought-after telescopes as far as observing time goes.

Hubble’s greatest discoveries weren’t planned, but the planning we did enabled them to become real. Here are some great reasons to celebrate its anniversary.

Jupiter and Saturn appear to the naked eye as a single star, dubbed the "Christmas Star," last seen 800 years ago. Viewed from my deck. 🤩 #christmasstar #jupitersaturnconjunction https://www.instagram.com/p/CJFbSF2rMPv/?igshid=tz61xuv73023

Well-explained, as always! 😊

How Far Could A Human Travel In A Constantly-Accelerating Rocket Ship?

“Imagine that we could constantly accelerate at the same rate as Earth’s gravitational pull, 9.8 m/s2, indefinitely. While you’d initially speed up, you’ll rapidly approach the speed of light. Owing to Einstein’s Special Relativity, time will dilate and lengths will contract. As you continue to accelerate, the distances and travel times to faraway destinations will plummet. At the halfway mark, simply reverse your thrust to accelerate in the opposite direction for the remaining journey. “

If you wanted to travel to a star that was 100 light-years away, you might think it would take you at least 100 years to get there. That might be true from the perspective of someone who remains on Earth, but for an astronaut who journeyed there at close to the speed of light, Einstein’s Special Relativity tells you that it would take far less than a century of travel. In fact, if you could accelerate at a constant rate, you could pretty much reach anywhere you wanted within 15 billion light-years of us within a human lifetime.

I even went and did the math for you here. Don’t be afraid to see how far a human could travel if we had the dream technology to get us there!

Please enjoy my new sci-fi fantasy novel currently available on Amazon! Further than Before: Pathway to the Stars (2 book series) amazon.com/author/matthewopdyke #scififantasy #spaceopera #sciencefiction #fantasy #mustread #scifinovels #fantasynovels #biotechnology #nanotechnology #theoreticalphysics #physics #darkmatter #utopian #strongfemalelead https://www.instagram.com/p/Bo1Z9Xlg2uc/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1rhtcswancrx1

Ask Ethan: When Were Dark Matter And Dark Energy Created?

“Today [normal matter] is only 4.9% while Dark Matter and Dark Energy takes the rest. Where did they come from?”

The Universe, as we know it, got its start in earnest when the hot Big Bang began. Space was filled with all the particles and antiparticles of the Standard Model, up at tremendous energies, while the Universe then expanded, cooled, and gave rise to all we know. But when did dark matter and dark energy, which make up 95% of the Universe we know today, come into the picture? Was the Universe born with these components of energy? Or were they created at a later time? We have some inklings that dark matter was likely created in the extremely early stages, but may not have been present from the Universe’s birth. On the other hand, all theoretical signs point to dark energy always existing, but observationally, we have about 4 billion years where we cannot measure its presence at all.

Where do dark matter and dark energy come from? It’s a great cosmic mystery, but we do know something about it. Find out where we are today!