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elpanoptico - ¡TE VIGILAMOS!
elpanoptico - ¡TE VIGILAMOS!
elpanoptico - ¡TE VIGILAMOS!

More Posts from Elpanoptico and Others

6 years ago

FIN DE AÑO

image

Era el mejor de los tiempos, era el peor de los tiempos, la edad de la sabiduría, y también de la locura; la época de las creencias y de la incredulidad; la era de la luz y de las tinieblas; la primavera de la esperanza y el invierno de la desesperación. Todo lo poseíamos, pero no teníamos nada; caminábamos en derechura al cielo y nos extraviábamos por el camino opuesto. En una palabra, aquella época era tan parecida a la actual, que nuestras más notables autoridades insisten en que, tanto en lo que se refiere al bien como al mal, sólo es aceptable la comparación en grado superlativo. 

Charles Dickens - Historia de dos ciudades 

Coloco esta frase de fin de año porque considero esta la introducción mas epica jamas escrita en una novela, personalmente pienso que es a temporal pues pude leerse en cualquier época y seguir teniendo sentido.

la imagen es una marcha por los desaparecidos en México 


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6 years ago

La conducta criminal parte 5

La Conducta Criminal Parte 5

Además de la familia, otro de los lugares en donde los seres humanos se forman para vivir en sociedad es la escuela, después de todos los niños y jóvenes pasan a mitad del día en estos centros y aprenden a convivir con otras personas fuera de su círculo familiar. Uno de los factores asociados a la delincuencia es el fracaso escolar, de acuerdo con Maguin y Loeber (1996) “un pobre rendimiento académico se relaciona no solo con el comienzo y la prevalencia de la delincuencia, sino también con la escalada en la frecuencia y en la gravedad de las ofensas” 3.

 Una de las razones podría ser que la escuela lejos de educar más bien fomenta la competitividad de los niños frente a sus compañeros, haciendo que los estudiantes menos capases se vean marginados del resto del grupo, lo cual les crearía una actitud indiferente, irrespetuosa y violenta; si a esto se le suma un medio familiar marginal, el resultado será un individuo incapaz de adaptarse a las normas 3.

 La importancia de la adaptación no solo vendría de parte del desempeño académico del individuo, si no de la relación que este genere con sus compañeros, pues estas relaciones podrían ser más importantes que las que reciban en sus propias casas, sobre todo en la adolescencia, donde los jóvenes buscan unirse en grupos formando bandas o subculturas con sus propios códigos de valores y lenguaje 6. Esto puede ser un problema pues existen muchas subculturas criminales, entiéndase estas como un conjunto de personas que promueven las conductas antisociales y los actos delictivos como una forma de fomentar la unión, fuerza y fidelidad del grupo; estas pandillas provienen principalmente de sustratos marginales que han crecido en un ambiente lleno de frustración 7.

 El factor socioeconómico de los individuos es en opinión de muchos expertos una de las causas más importantes en la generación de criminales, esto debido a que “generalmente los niños y los jóvenes pertenecientes a clases bajas presentan conductas delictivas gracias a la necesidad que tienen” 6. Un niño que crese en un ambiente pobre tendrá más dificultades para poder llevar una vida adecuada pues un ambiente socioeconómico bajo hace que los padres generen mas situaciones estresantes, lo que generaría mas reacciones o situaciones violentas y menos muestras de cariño; si a esto le sumamos que los padres deben de atender más al trabajo para generar dinero, esto tendría como consecuencia menos supervisión a los hijos; finalmente menos dinero también será igual a menos oportunidades en la vida, ya sea de estudios si estos deben de abandonarlos para trabajar o el no tener un buen hogar en el cual desenvolverse, ya sea por escases de espacios o falta de intimidad 3.

 A esto se suma el barrio en el que esta ubicada la vivienda; si hablamos de un lugar pobre, estamos hablando de sitios donde se carece de recursos básicos para sustentar una buena vida, como agua, pavimento, drenaje, luz, etc. Además de que existen zonas donde es difícil que la policía tenga acceso ya sea por la ubicación o por ser de alto grado de peligrosidad 7.

 Finalmente esta el factor cultural, promovido en gran parte por los medios de comunicación, los cuales muchas veces están relacionados con un sistema económico a los cuales les importa más la audiencia que el contenido ético o moral que promueven; muchos de estos son mensajes disfrazados que fomentan el sexo, la violencia y el crimen, los cuales son absorbidos por la audiencia que posteriormente pueden llegar a imitar lo que escuchan u observan, llegando a admirar a personajes que no son un buen modelo o ejemplo a seguir 7.

(extracto de un ensayo escolar sobre la conducta criminal)

3.  Vázquez, C. (2003), Factores de riesgo de la conducta delictiva en la infancia y adolescencia, recuperado el 12 de marzo del 2018 de http://www2.uned.es/dpto_pen/delincuenciajuv/documentos/delincuencia/factores-delincuencia.pdf, paginas 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.

7.  Hikal, W. (2018). Factores sociológicos en la conducta criminal, recuperado el 18 de Marzo del 2018 de http://www.urbeetius.org /images/factores_socio_conducta_criminal.pdf. Páginas 4, 5.


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7 years ago

muy recomendable estos programas de radio que has sido subidos a Internet gracias al usuario Delia Drewk  


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6 years ago

Gente, acabo de terminar de ver esta serie documental y la recomiendo totalmente, dejen lo que estén haciendo y vayan a verla.


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6 years ago
El Gran Jurado De Pensilvania Publicó Un Extenso Informe Sobre Abuso Sexual De Niños Y Niñas Por Parte

El gran jurado de Pensilvania publicó un extenso informe sobre abuso sexual de niños y niñas por parte de clérigos de la Iglesia Católica durante 70 años.

Los datos son atroces.

6 years ago

EXTREMELY WICKED SHOCKINGLY EVIL AND VILE starring Zac Effron as American serial killer Ted Bundy

6 years ago

Comentario rápido

ya vi “Extremely wicked shockingly evil and vile”, y solo diré 4 cosas

1 - me gusto, cumplió mis expectativas y no glorificaron a Ted Bundy como me temía

2 - la ambientación de los años 70´s así como caracterización esta muy rifado

3 - la actuación de Zac Efron me pareció buena, entiendo que Ted y un asesino en general es difícil de interpretar, siento que le falto mas cinismo en las escenas de la corte para poder llegar a decir “que hijo de puta” pero cumple muy bien con el carisma y se nota que Zac estudio muy bien los movimientos de Ted Bundy

4- la ultima secuencia es increíble, hasta yo sentí un hielo en la espalda.

Como saben esta película aun no se estrena en Latinoamerica por lo que me gustaría dar una critica mas amplia una ves se haya estrenado legalmente en estos lados, hasta entonces. 


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6 years ago

“Los crímenes son monstruosos pero los perpetradores siguen siendo humanos” - Werner Herzog

y eso es parte de aceptar la humanidad, con lo bueno y lo malo, aunque muchas veces queramos que solo fuera lo bueno, pero a todo esto ¿que es lo bueno y lo malo? 

“The Crimes Are Monstrous But The Perpetrators Are Still Human” - Werner Herzog
“The Crimes Are Monstrous But The Perpetrators Are Still Human” - Werner Herzog
“The Crimes Are Monstrous But The Perpetrators Are Still Human” - Werner Herzog
“The Crimes Are Monstrous But The Perpetrators Are Still Human” - Werner Herzog

“The crimes are monstrous but the perpetrators are still human” - Werner Herzog

5 years ago

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages of Human Decomposition

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages of Decomposition

Have you ever wondered what happens the moment you die? Not where you go in the afterlife or how your body will be handled, but have you ever wondered what happens internally? Around four minutes after your heart fails to pump oxygen to the rest of your body, it begins to self destruct. This method of self destruction is universal in its stages and in its purpose; it has no bias of character or of monetary status. Without this process of death and decay, life would cease to exist.

Stage One: Autolysis (Self-Ingestion)

Autolysis begins the moment your circulatory system and respiratory system cease to pump blood to your muscles. Without oxygen being pumped into your cells, excess carbon dioxide begins to cause cell membranes to become acidic. Once these cells rupture, they release a digestive enzyme that begins to consume your cells from the inside out.

Rigor Mortis begins generally within an hour or two after death and lasts for around 24 hours. Rigor Mortis occurs when lactic acid buildup in the muscles causes them to stiffen at unnatural angles, a lot of times defying gravity. Small blisters filled with nutrient-rich fluid form on internal organs and under the surface of the skin. When these rupture, it causes the body to form a shiny or sweaty appearance. The body begins to cool at the time of death and slowly drops an average of 1.5 degrees an hour, pending on environmental factors. Within 24 hours, the body will be the same temperature as its surrounding environment.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

Fact: In cases of violent or traumatic deaths, lactic acid is built up in such high amounts in the muscles that rigor mortis can occur at the exact moment of death. For example, if someone dies from drowning in a lake, they may still be clutching a chunk of grass from trying to grab onto the bank at the moment of their death.

Livor Mortis causes areas of the body exposed to external pressure such as gravity to turn a reddish-purple color. Tardieu spots form in these areas as well due to increased pressure. These spots often resemble traumatic hemorrhaging but are a normal part of the decomposition process.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

Fact: If a body is moved after death and the livor mortis is on the wrong area of the body, investigators can determine that the body was moved after death. For example, if someone died laying on their stomach, livor mortis would turn the abdomen the reddish-purple color. If someone moved the body after death and flipped them onto their back, it would show that the blood pooled in a way that would defy gravity, showing that the body was moved unnaturally.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

At this point, purge fluid is often leaked through the nasal cavity from internal gases building up in the abdomen. Despite this resembling a traumatic death, it is a natural step in human decomposition. Depending on the amount of stomach contents that are left in the body, it generally takes half an hour up to six hours for the body to finish digesting and eliminating the waste from the body.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

After about 24 to 26 hours the abdomen begins to turn a greenish color that generally begins in the lower quadrant of the abdomen near the pubic area. Right around this time, bloating begins to take form within the abdominal cavity due to bacterial gas build up that causes the body to bloat and change form almost to the point of the corpse’s race being undistinguishable.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition
What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

In step three, or active decay, the skin begins to slip from the body in a process known as “degloving.” Degloving happens when the top layer of skin pulls away from the muscle and essentially falls off. When bodies are at this stage of decomposition and the skin makes it impossible to pull fingerprints, morticians will often slip the skin of the patient over their own fingers and extract DNA prints this way. As the body is going through active decay, internal organs and external tissues begin to liquefy and seep through open orifices on the body. Dawnie Wolfe Steadman, director of the Forensic Anthropology Center at University of Tennessee Knoxville, claims that the main cause for the large amount of tissue loss during active decay is because of fly maggots that feast on bacteria and tissues.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

Did you know that a body decomposing in water decomposes at a much slower rate than a body that is exposed to air? The slowest rate of decomposition is a body that has been preserved with formaldehyde and buried in the ground, similar to American funeral customs. A body that is submerged in water while going through active decay will have a wax-like appearance that replaces the normal look of external tissues. However, the tissues of a body that decomposes in a warm and humid environment will have external tissues that have completely dried out; the body will essentially mummify itself. In cases where a person dies in a traumatic way and is mummified from external factors, any wounds they received before and after death will be preserved, though distorted in size and shape.

What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition
What Happens When You Die: Four Stages Of Human Decomposition

After soft tissues are consumed by maggots, the corpse is partially skeletonized but the tougher soft tissues like cartilage still remain. Once beetles consume the cartilage, ligaments, and tendons the final stage of decomposition begins.

Skeletal decay is the process of the surrounding environment breaking down the remainder of the body for fertilization for future plants and life. Bones generally disintegrate with time if they are subjected to a constant flow of water, gnawed on by scavengers or any other external forces that have the ability to erode them.

Did you know that the “decomposition smell” you smell when coming across an animal carcass is actually caused by a mix of gases called putrescine and cadaverine that is caused when amino acids within the body begin to break down? Although seemingly harmless, if you are in a closed environment with a corpse, these gases have the ability to compete with or displace the oxygen within your body.

A University of Kent psychologist and Arkansas Tech University behavioral scientist hypothesize that the chemical putrescine creates a fight or flight response in humans due to it signaling in the brain as an olfactory threat. In the journal ‘Frontiers of Psychology,’ four different tests were published that proved exposure to putrescine elicited cognitive reactions, similar to escaping threats.

In the first trial done in this series of studies, 60 people were given the task to open a jar and sniff the contents inside. The control group smelled ammonia, a similarly pungent smell to putrescine and the rest of the test subjects were given putrescine. Afterward, the test subjects that were given the task of smelling putrescine reacted quicker to a red dot randomly presented on a screen in the lab; this indicates that the smell made these subjects more vigilant to their surroundings.

Two of these four tests were completed on a university campus when random people were stopped and asked to participate in a smell test. In the subjects that smelled putrescine, they walked away significantly faster than those that smelled ammonia or water. This experiment was timed with a hidden stopwatch.

In the fourth and final experiment, 65 people were asked to fill out a questionnaire that was slightly scented with either putrescine, water, or ammonia; the smell was faint enough that the subjects were unaware of the scent. The subjects were given an essay that was written by someone who didn’t share their views; in this particular case, the essay was written by a Middle-Eastern exchange student in the UK who criticized Western values and predicted their decline. They were then asked to fill out the questionnaire asking how likable the essay’s author was and whether or not his ideas should be publicized. The subjects that had papers scented with putrescine were significantly more hostile towards the foreign student than those with the ammonia soaked questionnaire. This suggests that subconsciously, the scent of putrescine elicited a subsconscious defensive response.

The scientists that ran this experiment hypothesize that the chemical compound in putrescine could serve as a warning signal in the brain that is the forefront of protective responses that help us protect ourselves from potential threats.

Cold Case Blogger

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elpanoptico - ¡TE VIGILAMOS!
¡TE VIGILAMOS!

Este es un blog dedicado al crimen en español, administrado por una persona aficionada al tema. 

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