Liver Circulation - Flashcard

Genes to Brains

Over the years scientists have carefully mapped the brain, figuring out which regions perform different functions. Techniques such as functional MRI can show exactly which parts are active when people are doing all kinds of other tasks. Detailed microscopy and brain-scanning studies have traced the intricate network of connections between nerve cells in the brain, revealing the inner wiring of this powerful biological computer. But until now, nobody has tried to link patterns of gene activity into this functional and structural information. For the first time, researchers have generated this map of the brain, with each colour highlighting a particular group of genes that seem to be linked to that region. There are many variations in human genes that can influence traits and conditions affecting the brain, such as intelligence or autism, and this is the first step towards figuring out exactly how these genetic variations might exert their effects.

Written by Kat Arney

Image from work by Qian Peng and colleagues

Department of Human Biology, J. Craig Venter Institute, and Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Image originally published under a Creative Commons Licence (BY 4.0)

Published in PLOS Genetics, July 2016

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Brain Parasites: part II.

Taenia solium:

The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is the most harmful tapeworm in humans. Taenia solium infection is acquired either from human feces that contains Taenia solium eggs or from uncooked pork which contains larval cysts. If larvae are ingested, they mature into adults in the small intestine. This infection type is called taeniasis and is often asymptomatic. If eggs are ingested, the resulting disease is cysticercosis. It gets its name from larval Taenia solium called cysticercus. Both diseases are common in Africa, Asia, South America and Southern Europe. Taeniasis is rare in Muslim countries since people there do not consume pork.

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